Assessment of challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Ondo State: a case study of Akure metropolis
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research Hypotheses
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms
1.8 Organization of the study
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 sources of data collection
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sampling and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation of research instrument
3.6 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
Abstract
Road Traffic Law Enforcement in Nigeria was established in order to reduce the increasing road crashes and fatalities as well as making road users comply with traffic Laws and regulations as a counter measure, which remain as a great challenge in Nigeria. This study discussed the roles of the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) in the enforcement of Road Traffic Laws. The methodology used for this paper was the collections of data. The finding from the study revealed that there is dearth of operational equipment’s in FRSC thus hampering its performance. It further observed that Road traffic laws are strong and adequate, but lack effective enforcement, which is responsible for non-compliance. The study also revealed that FRSC has done very well in its performance especially in Educating motorists through various public enlightenment campaigns. The study shows that there are bad roads with narrow lanes and potholes resulting to traffic congestions and crashes. Having identified these challenges, the study recommended among others, adequate funding of the corps, effective enforcement of existing road traffic laws by all the relevant law enforcement agencies, training of the law enforcement personnel and construction of befitting roads.
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1Background of the study
The concept of ‘traffic law enforcement’ covers the entire procedure designed to persuade road-users to observe traffic laws and regulations through the threat of detection of a violation and the subsequent imposition of a penalty. Enforcement of traffic laws is intended to influence the behaviour of road users in such a way that their risk of becoming involved in a traffic accident decreases. ‘Traffic law enforcement’ can be regarded as the actual work of monitoring violations of traffic laws, apprehending offenders and securing evidence needed for prosecution. These law enforcement activities can in turn be viewed as an essential part of a broader concept of ‘traffic management’. Beside activities directly related to enforcement, this concept of traffic management also covers traffic surveillance activities of a more general nature, such as registration, licence issue, administration, advice, information and education. Obviously these two concepts are closely interrelated. The police constitute an important link in both the process of traffic law enforcement and the overall process of traffic management. Consequently, the effectiveness of a traffic law enforcement system cannot be seen in isolation from developments within the police force itself, or from the way in which the police work together with other parties involved in the traffic law enforcement and traffic management chain. Enforcement can only be effective if it operates in a supportive environment of laws, regulations, a sensitive penal system and co-operating bodies.
Road Traffic injuries have escalated to serious health, social and economic hazard, in developing countries. Although transportation has liberated man and makes him more mobile, his increasing reliance on vehicular movement has conferred great facilities on him and his activities. The greatest culprit of all the modes of transport is road of which traffic accident is the most disturbing repercussion of its use. Road traffic accident is therefore an issue of great international concern as it has emerged as the single greatest source of death all over the world. In the developing countries where the number of motor vehicles relating to population is generally much lower than in the developed countries, fatalities from automobile crashes are higher. It has been shown, for instance, that accidents in developing countries cost almost one percent of these countries Annual Gross National Product utilizing scarce financial resources they can ill-afford to lose (Akpoghomeh, 1998).
An analysis of the causes of death in a number of countries throughout the developing countries has shown that deaths and fatalities from road traffic accident in Nigeria rank among the highest in the world and second behind those by hunger and gastroenteritis Adebisi (1988) cited in Balogun (2006). A number of experts have suggested several causes of road traffic accident to broadly include the following: According to Oyeyemi (2003:4), human factors constitute about 80% of the cause of road traffic accidents recorded in the country. This includes dangerous overtaking at bends, crest of a hill, over speeding, driving under the influence of alcohol/drugs and the use of mobile phone while driving among others. Oyeyemi continues that this is a situation where drivers operate mechanically deficient vehicles on the roads on the roads carrying passengers and property without safety consideration. Such vehicles are not road worthy and they do not meet minimum safety standards. Bad weather condition leading to mist, haze, harmattan and sometimes heavy rainfall resulting in poor visibility and accidents
Indeed, news of road traffic accidents in Nigeria no longer stirs any surprise. What may be shocking, however, is the magnitude of the fatality. Daily, Nigerian Newspapers carry news of road traffic accidents that are considered significant only in severity. Sometimes the papers sum up the number of lives claimed as if they were providing an expenditure account. e.g. “over 100 lives lost to fatal accidents in the Nyanya area in the last one year‟. Such news indicates that we live in accidents every day. Based on this background the researcher wants to investigate the challenges of challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Ondo State: a case study of Akure metropolis
1.2 Statement of the problem
Traffic enforcement is designed to promote public safety by stopping a violation, reducing crashes, and enhancing public enjoyment. At the same time, it deters other drivers from committing an infraction and historically changes behavior of the ticketed driver and onlookers. In the course of doing these, there are challenges like Corruption practices, Bad roads, Bad condition of vehicle, Negligence etc. The study wants to investigate challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Ondo state. Using Akura metropolis
1.3 Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To assess the challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state
- To ascertain the effect of traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state
- To ascertain the potential of traffic law enforcement to improve compliance, and thus contribute to safety on Akure metropolis, Ondo state
1.4 Research question
- Are there challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state?
- Is there effect of traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state?
- Is there potential of traffic law enforcement to improve compliance, and thus contribute to safety on Akure metropolis, Ondo state?
1.5 Research hypotheses
For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;
H0: there are no challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state
H1: there are challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state
H02: there is no effect of traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state
H2: there is an effect of traffic law enforcement in Akure metropolis, Ondo state
H03: there is no potential of traffic law enforcement to improve compliance, and thus contribute to safety on Akure metropolis, Ondo state
H3: there is potential of traffic law enforcement to improve compliance, and thus contribute to safety on Akure metropolis, Ondo state
1.6 Significance of the study
The importance of this work cannot be overemphasized, as it will highlight the challenges encounter by traffic law enforcement on the Highway. The research will reveal the challenges against traffic law enforcement which will assist decision makers to improve the condition of service, so that the corps members can be able to discharge their responsibilities efficiently. It will also guide policy makers in designing policies that will tackle the menace of road traffic crashes and budgetary allocations to the commission for effective enforcement of road traffic regulations on the highway. The study will also be an eye opener for other researchers and further investigation on the challenges facing the organization, conduct and comportment of enforcement of road traffic regulations on the highway.
1.7 Scope of the study
The scope of the study covers assessment of challenges of compliance to traffic law enforcement in Ondo State: a case study of Akure metropolis. The study will be limited to Akure metropolis, Ondo state
1.8 Limitation of the study
Financial constraint– Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint– The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
- a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
Definition of terms
Compliance: compliance means adhering to a rule, such as a policy, standard, specification, or law. Regulatory compliance defines the goals companies want to achieve to ensure that they understand and take the necessary steps to comply with policies, relevant laws, and regulations
Traffic law enforcement: Traffic enforcement is designed to promote public safety by stopping a violation, reducing crashes, and enhancing public enjoyment. At the same time, it deters other drivers from committing an infraction and historically changes behavior of the ticketed driver and onlookers
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