Assessment Of Impact Of Urbanization in UYO L.G.A

Assessment Of Impact Of Urbanization in UYO L.G.A

Abstract

The increasing rate of urbanization in Nigeria as a result of a combination of natural urban increase and net in-migration to urban areas has an impact on the livelihood of the pastoral communities that live around the urban centres. This study addresses the impact of urbanization in Uyo L.G.A. To achieve this aim, the study sampled 60 Uyo L.G.A households using cluster sampling. In addition, the study sought further information from key informants and opinion leaders in the community. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected from the households using a questionnaire covering various aspects of the study’s research objectives. The quantitative data was subjected to summary statistics, while the qualitative data was subjected content analysis. The study revealed that Uyo L.G.A is indeed experiencing rapid urbanization. The rapid urbanization of Uyo L.G.A has led to increase in demand for land and increased land sub-division. As a result land use and land tenure has changed drastically, with both positive and negative impacts on the livelihood of the Uyo L.G.A. Some of the positive impacts of urbanization identified by the Uyo L.G.A include availability of goods and services; improved education facilities; employment opportunities; and easy access to banks. The negative impacts were environmental pollution; unemployment to the immigrants; sub-division of land; and soil degradation. These impacts have in-turn led to livelihood diversification and new livelihood strategies among the Uyo L.G.A. The study recommends that there is need to undertake an integrated and community-driven urban planning  framework for the County and other emerging urban centres.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background To The Study

1.2 statement of the problem

1.3 Objective of the study

1.4 Research Question

1.5 Significance of the study

1.6 Scope/Limitations of the study

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Overview

2.2 Conceptual Definitions

2.3. Theoretical Literature Review

2.4. Empirical Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1       Introduction

3.2 Research design

3.3 Sources of Data

3.4       Population of the study

3.5       Sample size determination

3.6       Sample size technique

3.7       Instrumentation

3.8       Reliability

3.9       Validity

3.10     Method of Data Collection

3.11     Method of Data Analysis

3.12     Ethical consideration

CHAPTER FOUR

Presentation Of Data And Analysis

CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary of findings

5.2 Conclusions

5.3 Recommendations

REFERENCES

Appendix: Questionnaire

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Urbanization is not merely a modern phenomenon, but rapid and historic transformation of replaced by predominantly urban culture. The last major change was the accumulation of hunters- gatherers into villages many thousand years ago. Village is characterized by common bloodlines, Intimate relationships and communal behaviour whereas urban culture is characterized by distant bloodlines, unfamiliar relations, and competitive behaviour. This unprecedented movement of people is forecasted to continue and intensity in the next few decades. The process of urbanization is increasing in both the developed and developing countries. However, rapid urbanisation in particular the growth of large cities and the associated problems of unemployment, poverty, inadequate health, poor sanitation, urban slums and environmental degradation pose a formidable challenge in many developing countries. Available statistics shows that more than half of the world 6.6 billion people live in urban areas, crowded into 3% of the earth’s land area (UNFPA, 1993). The proportion of the world population in urban areas was less than 5% in 1800, it increased to 47% in 2000. And its expected to reach 65% in 2030 (United Nations, 1981). However, more than 90% of the future population growth will be concentrated in cities in developing countries and a large percentage of this population will be poor. In Africa and Asia where urbanization is still considerably lower (40 percent), both are expected to be 54% urban by 2025 (UN 1995, 2002).

Although urbanization is the driving force for modernization, economic growth and development not only in Nigeria but in different part of the world, however , there is increasing concern about the effects of expanding cities, principally on han health, livelihoods and the environmental. The implications of rapid urbanization and demographic trends for employment, food security, water supply, shelter a d sanitation especially the disposal of wastes (Solid and liquid) that cities produce are staggering (UNCED, 1992).

Urbanization is the outcome of social, economic and political developments that lead to urban concentration and growth of large cities, changes in land use and transformation from rural to urban metropolitan pattern of organization a.d governance. Moreover, the concept of urbanization is not about simply increasing the number of urban residents or panding the area of cities, more importantly; It is about a complete change from rural to urban style in terms of industry structures, employment, living standard and social security. Urbanization is an important aspect of human activities in influencing environmental system. During the process of urbanization, reflectivity of land surface is violently changed when large amount of natural or agricultural lands are converted to built up surfaces. Although, Africa is fast urbanizing, with such mega cities with about 10 million inhabitants or more are few. Urbanization also finds expression principally in outward expansion of the built up areas and conversion of agricultural land into much residential issues.

1.2 Problem Statement

According to Mohammed et al. (2015), the question that arises is whether the current trend in urban growth is sustainable considering the environmental degradation, especially in the developing countries. Hence, there is need to evaluate the impact of urbanization, its effects and disruptions on Abuja which is the Federal capital territory of Nigeria

1.3 Objectives of the study

The major objective of this research is an evaluation on the impact of urbanization its effects and disruptions on Uyo.

1.4 Research Questions

(1) what is urbanization?

(2) what are its effects in Nigeria?

(3) How does urbanization affect the major cities in Nigeria?

1.5 Significance of the study

This research gives a clear insight into the impact of urbanization, its effect a.d disruptions on Nigeria cities using Uyo as a case study.

1.6 Scope of the study

The research focus on the evaluation of the impact of urbanization, it’s effects and disruptions on Nigerian cities a case study of uyo.

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