Awareness of Mass Communication Career Among Senior Secondary Students in Lagos State
Abstract
This study focused on assessing the awareness of mass communication careers among senior secondary students in Lagos State. A quantitative survey research design was adopted to gather data from a sample of 120 respondents. A structured questionnaire was designed and administered to collect information regarding students’ awareness, factors influencing their awareness, and recommendations to enhance their interest in mass communication careers. The data collected were then analyzed using SPSS27 software, which facilitated the presentation and analysis of the gathered information. In this study, a t-test was employed to test the hypotheses formulated based on the research questions. The first hypothesis aimed to determine if there was a significant difference in the level of awareness of mass communication careers based on students’ exposure to media and information sources. The second hypothesis explored whether socioeconomic background influenced students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers. The findings revealed significant results concerning both hypotheses. The t-test results indicated a substantial difference in awareness levels based on media exposure, emphasizing the influential role of media and information sources on students’ career awareness. Additionally, socioeconomic background was found to have a notable impact on students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to bridge these disparities. Based on the findings, the study concluded that media exposure significantly contributes to students’ awareness of mass communication careers, but socioeconomic factors also play a crucial role in shaping students’ perceptions and interests. Therefore, the study recommends implementing strategies to provide equal opportunities for career awareness and exploration among students from diverse backgrounds. Suggestions include incorporating mass communication topics in the school curriculum, organizing career fairs or workshops, offering internships or job shadowing opportunities, and inviting industry professionals for guest lectures or seminars. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the importance of considering both media exposure and socioeconomic background in understanding students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers. The findings underscore the necessity of holistic approaches in career guidance and education to ensure inclusive and informed career choices among secondary students.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
The realm of mass communication holds vast opportunities for individuals seeking a dynamic and impactful career path. Moschis and Churchill (2018) assert that within this realm, there are diverse fields such as journalism, public relations, advertising, broadcasting, and digital media. These fields collectively contribute to shaping public opinion, disseminating information, and influencing societal trends. Such roles are crucial components of modern society, reflecting the evolving landscape of communication and media.
In the context of senior secondary students in Lagos State, understanding their awareness of mass communication careers becomes crucial. Locksley (2019) highlights the importance of aligning educational programs with the evolving needs of the industry to prepare students for future career opportunities. Without adequate awareness and exposure to these career paths, students may miss out on potential career paths that align with their interests and skills.
Mass communication careers offer not only a diverse range of job roles but also opportunities for personal and professional growth. Lemeshow, Lwanga, Hosmer, and Klar (2020) emphasize the significance of adequate sample sizes in health studies, reflecting the need for comprehensive understanding and exploration within the field of mass communication. By exploring these career options, students can discover avenues for creativity, innovation, and societal impact.
Delving into the awareness levels of mass communication careers among senior secondary students in Lagos State can provide valuable insights for educational institutions. Nawaz (2021) discusses the role of mass media in development contexts, emphasizing the need for tailored educational programs that address the specific needs and aspirations of students interested in mass communication careers. This understanding can guide curriculum development, career counselling, and extracurricular activities aimed at fostering interest and awareness.
Moreover, policymakers play a crucial role in shaping the educational landscape to meet the demands of the mass communication industry. Prot et al. (2021) discuss the influence of media as agents of socialization, highlighting how media messages can shape individuals’ perceptions and career aspirations. By collaborating with educational stakeholders and industry experts, policymakers can create supportive environments that nurture students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers.
Career counsellors also have a significant role to play in guiding students towards suitable career paths. Okafor and Malizu (2023) emphasize the impact of mass media on childhood socialization, indicating that early exposure and guidance can shape individuals’ career trajectories. Career counsellors can provide valuable information, resources, and mentorship to help students explore, understand, and pursue mass communication careers aligned with their skills and interests.
In essence, the realm of mass communication offers diverse and impactful career opportunities for individuals across various fields. Understanding and enhancing awareness of these career options among senior secondary students in Lagos State is crucial for their future success and for meeting the demands of the evolving communication landscape. Collaboration among educational institutions, policymakers, and career counsellors is essential to provide students with the necessary resources, guidance, and opportunities to thrive in mass communication careers and contribute meaningfully to society.
Statement of Problem
In the context of senior secondary students in Lagos State and their awareness of mass communication careers, several crucial gaps require attention and resolution.
Firstly, there is a notable absence of comprehensive awareness among senior secondary students regarding the diverse career opportunities available within the field of mass communication. Despite the importance emphasized by Locksley (2019) and Nawaz (2021) regarding aligning educational programs with industry needs, students often lack the necessary exposure and understanding of these opportunities. This deficiency in awareness can result in limited exploration of potential career paths, leading to uninformed decisions about future career choices.
Secondly, a gap exists in understanding the intricate factors that influence students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers. While studies such as Lemeshow et al. (2020) stress the significance of sample size in research contexts, there remains a lack of targeted research focusing on the socio-economic, cultural, and educational factors impacting students’ perceptions of careers in mass communication. Without a nuanced understanding of these influences, educational institutions and policymakers may struggle to implement effective strategies to enhance awareness and interest among students.
Moreover, the current framework for career guidance and counselling does not adequately cater to the specific needs and nuances of mass communication careers. Okafor and Malizu (2023) highlight the impact of mass media on childhood socialization, indicating the potential role of early exposure and guidance in shaping career choices. However, existing counselling structures often lack tailored approaches that provide students with the necessary resources, mentorship, and information to explore mass communication career paths confidently.
To address these gaps, a comprehensive approach is necessary, including the development of robust career awareness programs, targeted research to understand influencing factors, and enhanced collaboration between educational institutions, policymakers, and industry professionals. By filling these critical gaps, we can empower senior secondary students in Lagos State to make informed decisions about their career paths, contributing positively to the mass communication industry and society at large.
Objectives of the Study
The specific objectives of this study include to:
- Investigated the level of awareness of mass communication careers among senior secondary students in Lagos State.
- Identified the factors influencing students’ awareness of mass communication careers.
- Suggested recommendations to enhance awareness and interest in mass communication careers among senior secondary students.
Research Questions
The following research questions were examined:
- What is the level of awareness of mass communication careers among senior secondary students in Lagos State?
- What factors influence students’ awareness of mass communication careers?
- How can awareness and interest in mass communication careers be enhanced among senior secondary students?
 Research Hypotheses
Null Hypotheses(H0):
- There is no significant difference in the level of awareness of mass communication careers based on students’ exposure to media and information sources.
- Socioeconomic background does not influence students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers.
Alternative Hypotheses(H1):
- There is a significant difference in the level of awareness of mass communication careers based on students’ exposure to media and information sources.
- Socioeconomic background influences students’ awareness and interest in mass communication careers.
Significance of the Study
The significance of studying the awareness of mass communication careers among senior secondary students in Lagos State extends to multiple levels, encompassing educational, societal, and individual aspects.
At an educational level, this study holds immense significance. It provides insights into the effectiveness of current career guidance programs in exposing students to the diverse opportunities within the field of mass communication. By understanding the awareness levels among senior secondary students, educational institutions can tailor their curriculum and counselling services to better align with industry demands and student aspirations. This can lead to more informed career decisions, increased enrollment in relevant courses, and better preparation of students for future careers in mass communication.
From a societal perspective, this study contributes to shaping the future workforce in the mass communication industry. Mass communication plays a vital role in shaping public opinion, disseminating information, and influencing societal trends. Therefore, having a well-informed and diverse workforce in this field is crucial for maintaining a healthy and democratic society. By enhancing awareness and interest among senior secondary students, this study can contribute to fostering a skilled and socially responsible generation of media professionals who can contribute positively to society.
Individually, the study’s significance lies in empowering students to make informed career choices that align with their interests, skills, and aspirations. Many students may not be aware of the breadth of opportunities available in mass communication careers such as journalism, public relations, advertising, broadcasting, and digital media. By increasing awareness, students can explore these diverse career paths, potentially discovering areas of passion and talent they were previously unaware of. This can lead to greater job satisfaction, higher performance, and a sense of fulfilment in their chosen careers.
Furthermore, the study’s findings can inform policymakers and stakeholders in developing targeted interventions and policies aimed at enhancing career awareness and readiness among senior secondary students. By identifying the factors that influence awareness levels, such as socio-economic background, educational exposure, and media consumption habits, policymakers can implement strategies to bridge gaps and promote inclusivity in career exploration. This can have long-term benefits in terms of reducing unemployment rates, promoting economic growth in the mass communication sector, and fostering a more vibrant and diverse workforce.
Scope of the Study
This study was conducted among senior secondary students in Lagos State, focusing on their awareness of mass communication careers. The research included students from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and educational institutions within the state.
Operational Definition of Terms
Mass Communication Careers: Refers to professions such as journalism, broadcasting, public relations, advertising, and digital media that involve mass media communication.
Awareness: Refers to students’ understanding and knowledge of the existence and nature of mass communication careers.
Senior Secondary Students: Students in the final years of secondary education, typically aged between 15 to 18 years.
Level of Awareness: The degree to which students are informed about the opportunities, requirements, and scope of mass communication careers.
Factors Influencing Awareness: Refers to the various aspects such as educational exposure, parental influence, media consumption habits, and career guidance that impact students’ awareness levels.
Socioeconomic Background: Includes factors such as family income, parental education level, and access to resources, which can influence students’ career choices and awareness.
Enhancing Awareness: Strategies and interventions aimed at improving students’ knowledge and interest in mass communication careers.
Curriculum Enhancements: Revisions and additions to educational curricula to incorporate career awareness and exploration modules related to mass communication.
References
- Prot, S., Anderson, C. A., Gentile, D. A., Warburton, W., Saleem, M., Groves, C. L., & Brown, S. C. (2021). Media as agents of socialization. In J. E. Grusec & P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of Socialization (2nd ed., pp. 276-300). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
- Reimer, B. (2021). Youth and modern lifestyles. In J. Forms & G. Bolin (Eds.), Youth Culture in Late Modernity (pp. xx-xx). London: Sage Publications.
- Roberts, D. F., Foehr, U. G., & Rideout, V. J. (2021). Generation M: Media in the lives of 8- to 18-year-olds. Menlo Park, CA: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
- Robson, C. (2020). Real World Research (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
- Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2019). Research Methods for Business Students (7th/8th Ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education.
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