CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1Â Â Â Â Cardiovascular disease
1.1.1Aortic aneurysm / Abdominal aortic aneurysm
1.1.2Â Â Â Â Acute coronary syndrome
1.1.3Â Angina pectoris
1.1.4Â Atherosclerosis
1.1.5Â Coronary heart disease (CHD)/ Coronary artery disease
1.1.6Â Heart attack / Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
1.1.7Â Heart failure / Congestive heart failure
1.1.8Â Ischemic heart disease (IHD)
1.1.9Â Ischemic stroke
1.1.10Â Â Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
1.1.11Â Â Stroke
1.1.12Â Â Sudden cardiac death
CHAPTER TWO
2.0Â Â Tobacco smoking and cardiovascular diseases
2.1Â Â Â Â Cigarette Smoking and Inflammation
2.2Â Â Â Â Smoking in relation to Coronary Heart Disease
2.3Â Â Â Â Smoking in relation to Sudden Cardiac Death
2.4Â Â Â Â Smoking in relation to Cerebrovascular Disease / Stroke
2.5Â Â Â Â Smoking in relation to Aortic Aneurysm
2.6Â Â Â Â Smoking in relation to Peripheral Arterial Disease
CHAPTER THREE
3.0Â Â Â Â Prevention of cardiovascular diseases
3.1Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Diets
3.1.1Â Â Â Â Â Altering dietary fat intake
3.1.2Â Â Â Â Â Reducing dietary salt
3.1.3Â Â Â Â Â Fruit and Vegetable Intake
3.1.4Â Â Â Â Â Effect of specific minor dietary components
3.1.5Â Â Â Â Â Weight reduction and cardiovascular risk
3.1.6Â Â Â Â Â Managing metabolic syndrome
3.2Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Physical activity
3.2.1Â Â Â Â Â Physical activity and cardiovascular risk
3.3Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Smoking cessation
3.4Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Body weight
3.5Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Alcohol
3.6Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Blood pressure lowering
3.7Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Lipid lowering
3.8Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Control of glycaemia
3.9Â Â Â Â Aspirin therapy
3.10Â Â Â Â Â Â Hormone therapy
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0Â Â Â Â Conclusion and Recommendation
4.1Â Â Â Â Â Â Conclusion
4.2Â Â Â Â Â Recommendation
References
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