Computerization And The Growth Of Banking Sector (2000-2019) Evidence From Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The advent of Information Technology (IT) is rapidly changing the banking industry. In this study, the impact of IT on the banking industry in Nigeria is described. A questionnaire was employed to collect data from customers at five major banks in Nigeria on the extent to which customers believe that IT exerts an impact on banking services. The results of the study clearly indicate that IT has contributed immensely to the growth of the banking industry in Nigeria.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Today’s modern technology brought into use the computer, this technology is the application of science to gathering, recording, processing and communicating of business information by means of electronic media. Most commonest tool for application is the computer and it involves all the transaction processing system management information system various business support system etc. The computer is a central force in the advancement of various organization. The historical development of computer started with Hollerith punched card of 1880,Goerge Alken calculator and Charles Babbage’ creation of the difference engine.
The computer can be defined as a tool or device which is able to accept facts (data) and figure in a prescribed form, apply prescribed processes to data and supply result of the processes in a specified format as a meaningful information. There are also different types of information depending on the make or type of their functions. The revolution in technology to the computer complements or in the other hand, substitute for ten elements which are: – paper, personal memos, charts, reports, calculators, terminals letter.
A powerful force drives the world towards a converging commonality, and that force is technology (Levitt, 1992). From the beginning of the human era, technology has been one of the most essential and most important factors for the development of mankind (Coombs et al., 1987). During the last two hundred years, technological changes have often been related to economic growth in the form of new types of goods and services. Smith (1776) first wrote about technical changes in the form of new machines as one of the three important causes of increasing incomes more than 200 years ago.
Information Technology (IT) can be defined as the modern handling of information by electronic means, which involves its access, storage, processing, transportation or transfer and delivery (Ige 1995). Research shows that IT affects financial institutions by easing enquiry, saving time, and improving service delivery (Alu, 2002). IT also provides solutions to the needs of modern societies in health care delivery, library services, education, and communication networks within organizations, etc.
Some available telecommunication and information technologies which are presently being used in the banking industry in Nigeria are telephone, facsimile, wireless radiophone, very small aperture terminal satellite (VSAT), telegraphy, and computer systems (Ugwu, 1999). According to Alu (2002), some banks in Nigeria have LANs (Local Area Network) in most of their branches but none of the banks have deployed home banking applications.
Accounting system is also defined as a consistent way of organizing, recording, summarizing and reporting financial transactions.
Computerization is the installation of computers as a part of a process of automation.
Banking in Nigeria has witness impressive development in recent time particularly within the last decade in time with growth in economic activities and complexities, banking service have expanded significantly in size and variety due to increased by computerization of banks.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In spite of the benefit of computer to banking industry and business generally some problem are still left unsolved and new ones have been credited by the use of computer itself problems like;
The use of computer to keep accounting records.
Another problem is the displacement of labour hands in the accounting department and its union implication and the problem of low turnover (volume of operation) and profitability in banks.
1.3OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.
The main objective of the study the computerization and the growth of banking sector (2000-2019) evidence from Nigeria. Specifically, The objectives of this study are:-
- To determine the Effects of IT on Customer Services
- To examine the Promptness and efficiency of services
- To evaluate the Influence of IT on patronage
- The determine the Perception of customers on the ease of banking transactions
- To examine the Effects of IT on the interaction between cashiers and customers
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.
To be able to achieve the above purposes, some questions would be asked which help the researcher to gather the necessary information needed, they are:
- What are the Effects of IT on Customer Services?
- What is the Promptness and efficiency of services?
- What is the Influence of IT on patronage?
- What is the Perception of customers on the ease of banking transactions?
- What is the Effects of IT on the interaction between cashiers and customers
1.6SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
Most banks have growth and continuity as part of their objective, and such objectives are best realized by an efficient management, as well as effective computerized accounting system. This has made it possible for banks to gain inherent advantage while minimizing risks involved in their daily operations.
This research project will therefore be of immense advantage or benefit to the management of banks, computers and other business organization using computerized accounting system. Hence, the theories and concept contained therein can be infused into their management system.
This research will also contribute to enhance efficiency in the following ways;
- Speedy and accurate decision making through the use of computerized accounting system.
- Improvement in the delivery and quality service.
- The banks profitability will be improve.
Firstly, in the realm of academic, the project will be very useful to wide audience as it applies to courses in accountancy, banking and finance as well as executive development courses, management seminars and supervisory workshop conducted in colleges and universities.
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY.
The scope of the study is restricted to examining the effect of computerized accounting system on the growth of banking industries such as, Diamond bank plc, Eco bank plc and First bank plc.
1.8DEFINITION OF TERMS
AUDIT TRIAL:- a technique that made it possible to retrace processing of data in all other to charge, add or delete records in a file.
BLOCKING:- the storage of more than one term in a record.
COMPLIER:- a programming system applied by a manufacturer to convert a programme written in an automatic language into machine language.
EXPERT SYSTEM:- A computer system which embodies some of the experienced and specialized knowledge of an expert. it enables a non-expert to achieve comparable performance to an extent in the field.
PPLICATION PACKAGES:- These are computer programmes written for the purpose of carrying out specific task for individuals or organizations with similar or related needs.
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