Effects of migration on socio economic development in greater Accra region, Ghana
Abstract
This study was on effects of migration on socio economic development in greater Accra region of Ghana. The total population for the study is 200 staff of department of Immigration in Ghana. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up heads of department, superintendents, senior officers and junior officers was used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies.
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1Background of the study
It is projected that more than 200 million people in the world are as of now living in the country which is not their home country and this number is rapidly increasing. Most of the time people migrate from developing countries to developed countries. It is generally estimated that half of the immigrants of developed countries are migrated from developing countries (Zhunio, 2012). The migrants people who send money to their families or friends in their country of origin are generally called remittance
International migration flows continue to increase year-by-year, and they are currently above the peak level registered in 2007 before the global economic crisis, with important effects for migrant sending and receiving economies. Immigration leads to significant changes in labour market performances, both for natives and the foreign-born populations, which largely vary from one country to another. An attempt to understand the impact of international migration on European Union (EU) countries is, however, a challenging analytical issue since the effects of migration may vary across time and place. Equally importantly, robust and timely migrant data are not always readily available. Additionally, the existing migration data have certain imperfections, and this opens a debate on the conclusiveness of the migration studies. There is, nevertheless, a need for continuous assessments of the economic effects induced by migration into host countries to offer new evidence on particular ways in which migrants can positively contribute and enhance sustainable economic development.
These mutual impacts are often in sharpest relief in the context of economic development. Here, what we might call the ‘development-migration-development’ nexus becomes of great interest. Put simply, we know that migration is often motivated by relative disparities in the economic development of sending and receiving countries (though generally not in the case of those move to seek political asylum). Yet, there is also evidence to suggest that migration itself can have important impacts on economic development, especially on relatively poorer countries experiencing significant outflows of migrants. As the scale and complexity of migratory flows have grown, the mutual development impacts of the flows of people, skills, knowledge, and remittances have received considerable attention in recent years from researchers and policy makers
Migration has turned into a significant livelihood strategy for the people of Ghana, considering its comprehensive socio-economic development through transferring of skills, and community development. Based on this, the researcher wants to investigate effect of migration on socio economic development in greater Accra region
Statement of the problem
In terms of the linkages between migration and sustainable economic development, this research examines the migration economic effects upon host countries through the underlying conditions that lead to employment creation, additional income, a poverty risk reduction, improved educational background, and living standards. Therefore, in our dataset, we included specific variables to capture these credentials in addition to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and per person employed such as, for example, employment and unemployment rates (total, long term, foreign population); earnings and earnings’ dispersion; at-risk-of-poverty rate; educational attainment and participation rates; and life expectancy. Based on this background the researcher wants to investigate effect of migration on socio economic development in greater Accra region in Ghana
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain whether migrant contribute to the socio economic development in Ghana
- To ascertain the migration economic effect on Ghana
- To examine whether migration risk the socio economic development of Ghana
Research hypotheses
For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;
H0: there is no migrant contribute to the socio economic development in Ghana
H1: there is migrant contribute to the socio economic development in Ghana
H02: migration do not risk the socio economic development of Ghana
H2: migration risk the socio economic development of Ghana
Significance of the study
The study will be very significant to students, ministry of education and the policy makers in Ghana. The study will give a clear insight on the effect of migration on socio economic development in greater Accra region of Ghana. The study will give insight on the risk of migration on the economic development of Ghana and the contribution of migrant to the economic development of Ghana. The study will also serve as a reference to other researchers that will embark on the related topic.
Scope and limitation of the study
The scope of the study covers effects of migration on socio economic development in greater Accra region of Ghana. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;
- a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
- b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
  Migration: Migration involves the movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location
Socio economic: Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes. In general, it analyzes how modern societies progress, stagnate, or regress because of their local or regional economy, or the global economy.
Socio economic development: Socio-economic development is the process of social and economic development in a society. Socio-economic development is measured with indicators, such as GDP, life expectancy, literacy and levels of employment.
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