Journalism Tool For Economic Development
ABSTRACT
Journalismn Nigeria, like others in the world over, has been carrying out its communication functions of informing, educating entertaining, persuading and public enlightenments and advertisements and other social programmes.
Using the social scientific methods of questionnaire survey and depth interview methods in the project work, the work is handled in five chapters. Chapter one introduced journalism and guide on the handling of the topic and significance rationale of the study. The chapter two continued with reviewing literature which e-rayed the summary of the related literature reviewed.
Chapter three explained the research methodology used to study the topic. The research methods in charge of the questionnaire and survey method and interview while in chapter four data presentation and results. Summary of results/ findings are made relevant to research questions.
Chapter five finally handled the discussion, implications, recommendations, discussion of results and conclusions.
Finally, it was found out that Journalismn Nigeria, does not only have an impact in the economic development of Nigeria but went a step further to train other professionals
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Journalism which is the focus of this study comprises the newspaper, paper and Television. The sophistication of these media of communication makes it one of the wonders of modern communication.
Norah C. Quebral, defines Development journalism as the art and science of human communication linked to a society‘s planned transformation from a state of poverty to one dynamic socio-economic growth that makes for greater equity and the larger unfolding of individual potential. The World Bank defines development communication as the integration of strategic communication in development projects‘. Radio is a dominant mass-medium in Africa with the widest geographical reach and the highest audiences compared with television (TV), newspapers and other information and communication technologies (ICTs). In Overall, radio is enjoying a reincarnation and a great number of radio stations have come up something that can be related to an explosion over the last twenty years, this trend is attributed to democratisation and market liberalisation and also due to more affordable technologies. Radio seems to have proven itself as a development tool, particularly with the rise of community and local radios, which have facilitated a far more participatory and horizontal type of communication than was possible with the older, centralised broadcasting model of 1960s and 70s. There seems to have beeb a rediscovery of radio in the context of new ICTs, new technologies have made radio into a more two-way medium and that it can help bridge the digital divide by providing a powerful tool for information dissemination and access, especially for hard to reach rural audiences (Balancing Act 2008; BBC WST, 2006).
It is clear to note that communication has been enhanced nationally and internationally with the use of technology.
Mr. E.N. Aniebona, in his contribution in the role of broadcasting in a developing context has this to say about Journalism.
“Journalisms a powerful and effective instrument for achieving national goals such as in need for wide spread education for both children and adults in order to achieve certain prescribed goals in Economic growth, health are political and social awareness, political stability self relief and national identity among others things”
Electronic aim at presenting programmes like news, drama, interviews, health and family planning, religious programmes and agricultural programmes.
In his assessment of media Charlse Ogbunambala, of Torch, have this to say of Journalism.
“Nevertheless, however stupendous this epoch-making achievements on the print media may seem, effective media communications, cannot be fully achieved or released without journalism. This reason is obvious. The message from journalism registered more permanently than from the print media”
Journalismnclude the newspaper, the television and the cinema out focus is on the newspaper.
Radio is the first source to which people furned for the latest develops in the war or crisis time.
We look on radio during announcement of annual budget by the head of state or state governor.
According to Guglielmc Marconic, “Radio is a potential means of supplementing telegraph, the most import long-distance communication, medium of the late nineteenth century”,
Radio was the most popular entertainment and news medium. To a degree, the newspaper receiver was the center of the home and family activities frequently revolved ground the broadcast schedule. The average station schedule had something for everyone from news and commentary through variety and comedy to religious discussion, sports and children’s programme.
Journalismn Nigeria, (FRCN) involve itself with those role of educating, informing, entertaining, persuading and advertising. Journalismn Nigeria operate on both Amplitude modulation (AM) frequency modulation (FM) and short wave.
The station strive hard in various ways to assert themselves ; some concentrate on music while others run discussion on special political, economic, education, social cultural and religious issues.
Journalism goes for the audience which has the purchasing power.
Radio Nigerian its role in economic development undertake advertisement, sponsored programmes, public service announcement to enhance its financial base and educational programmes are diverse in its role to promote products and enhance the training of professionals and thereby contribute effectively in the economic development of Nigeria.
- STATEMET OF RESEARCH PROBLEMS
As stated earlier, the roles of journalism especially radio is enormous and cannot be justly denied without difficulty. It has also been indicated that radio help in economic development due to listening audience, the literacy level not withstanding.
But of all these roles contributions to the economic development of Nigeria, there are still case of poor funding and poor management of journalism especially radio to effectively carry out these roles of economic development.
Journalism as an agent of News, information, education, entertainment and advertising organ of journalism has been affected due to poor funding, obsolete equipment and poor management.
This study is therefore aimed at disproving or validating these allegations among other research questions.
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In order to carry out this study, I am going to use the following assumptions as a guide post to the research:
- Journalism play its role in economic development of Nigeria, through its advertisement programme.
- Journalism help in the economic development of Nigeria through some of its education programmes
- Journalism help in economic development of Nigeria through its variety of entertainment and social, agricultural health and political programmes.
- Journalismn Nigeria have contributed in the economic development of Nigeria, by training some broadcasters at their training school Shogule Lagos and promotion of musicians and such allied professionals.
1.4 Research HYPOTHESES
HO: Journalism- radio in the economic development reduces the social service role of F RC N
HI: Journalism-radio does not reduce the social service role of FRCN
H2: The social service role of the FRCN affect democratization of the nation
H3: The social service role of the FRCN does not affect the credibility of FRCN
H4: Journalism-radio ins the economic development leads to friction between sponsors and presenters
HO: Journalism-radio in the economic development does not lead to sponsors and presenters.
H5: It regates the fundamental functions of informing, educating and entertaining
HO: It does not negates the fundamental functions of informing educating and entertaining.
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Journalism as a medium of information has been recognized as the most useful and the media that its message cut across barrier of literacy.
In her assessment about radio, Stella Okuna, has this to say, ‘radio is the true mass medium in third world countries because it really reaches the masses.
In Nigeria, for example, the use of Journalism as a source of information is truly widespread even among rural dwellers who make up the majority of the country’s population
Journalism as an journalism have been known in recent decades as key mode of mass communication, an audio dimension or channel which is capable of providing, a great deal of details, description that are not communicable through written and visual communication.
The roles of the newspaper in education which help to foster national unity and understanding cannot be waved without contradiction.
It would also be pertinent to point out that this study was undertaken to explore this areas so as to contribute to the whole gamut of stream of knowledge.
- SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The extent of the study will cover the FRCN Enugu, but the “results” collected will be generized. The study would have been extended to all the FRCN zonal stations but due to in adequacy of financial resources to travel and risks involved in traveling the research has decided to limit FRCN Enugu national station where the researcher is a staff where the researcher is a staff.
Though the research was specifically required to examine the impacts
of journalism radio in economic development the researcher want the history of the FRCN and reasons given for journalism-radio in economic development in FRCN Enugu. There are little or no study made on journalism –radio in economic development in Nigeria. So this was a predicament in the study.
Therefore, the researcher could not gather a lot of literature on Journalismn economic development.
Owing to the following limitations outlined the research cannot claim total confidence on the study.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CONCEPTUAL: Programme aired to educate, inform and entertain
MASS MEDIA: CONCEPTUAL: The channels of mass communication
OPERATIONAL: Radio and Television
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