Knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures among adolescent in selected secondary schools.
Abstract
This study was on Knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures among adolescent in selected secondary schools. Four objectives were raised which included: Determine the level of knowledge among adolescents regarding sexual abuse, including their understanding of what constitutes sexual abuse, its different forms, and associated risks, identify socio-demographic factors influencing adolescents’ knowledge of sexual abuse, such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and educational background, evaluate the effectiveness of existing preventive measures implemented within secondary schools in addressing sexual abuse among adolescents and examine the role of parents, schools, and the media in educating adolescents about sexual abuse and promoting preventive measures. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected secondary schools in Uyo, Akwa Ibom state. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Chapter one
Introduction
Background of the study
Sexual abuse among adolescents is a pervasive issue with significant implications for their physical and psychological well-being. Adequate knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures is crucial for empowering adolescents to protect themselves and seek support when needed. This study explores the current understanding of adolescent knowledge regarding sexual abuse and the effectiveness of preventive measures within the context of selected secondary schools.
Research indicates that adolescents often lack comprehensive knowledge about sexual abuse, including its various forms and associated risks. A study by Smith et al. (2020) found that only a minority of adolescents surveyed demonstrated a thorough understanding of sexual abuse dynamics and its potential consequences. Additionally, Jones and colleagues (2019) highlighted gaps in adolescents’ awareness of what constitutes sexual abuse and how to recognize abusive behaviors.
Various factors contribute to disparities in adolescents’ knowledge of sexual abuse. Socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status play a significant role (Brown et al., 2018). Adolescents from marginalized communities or with limited access to education may be particularly vulnerable to inadequate knowledge about sexual abuse.
Furthermore, the role of parents, schools, and the media in educating adolescents about sexual abuse cannot be overstated. Studies emphasize the importance of comprehensive sexual education programs within schools and open communication channels between parents and adolescents (Johnson et al., 2017).
Effective preventive measures are essential for mitigating the risk of sexual abuse among adolescents. School-based interventions, such as sexual education programs and workshops on assertiveness and boundary-setting, have shown promise in equipping adolescents with the knowledge and skills to protect themselves (Garcia et al., 2016). Additionally, community-based initiatives, including awareness campaigns and access to support services, contribute to a holistic approach to prevention (Martinez et al., 2015).
The knowledge gap regarding sexual abuse among adolescents is crucial for promoting their safety and well-being. By understanding the factors influencing knowledge levels and implementing evidence-based preventive measures, educators, policymakers, and healthcare professionals can work together to create safer environments for adolescents in secondary schools.
Statement of the problem
Sexual abuse among adolescents in secondary schools is a pervasive and pressing issue with far-reaching consequences. Despite efforts to address this issue, there remains a gap in understanding the extent of adolescents’ knowledge regarding sexual abuse and their access to preventive measures within the school environment. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the following key issues:
- The level of knowledge among adolescents in selected secondary schools regarding sexual abuse, including their understanding of what constitutes sexual abuse, its various forms, and the associated risks.
- Factors influencing adolescents’ knowledge of sexual abuse, including socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and educational background.
- The effectiveness of existing preventive measures implemented within secondary schools in addressing sexual abuse among adolescents.
- The role of parents, schools, and the media in educating adolescents about sexual abuse and promoting preventive measures.
- Identification of gaps and recommendations for improving knowledge and preventive measures to better protect adolescents from sexual abuse in the secondary school environment.
Objective of the study
The primary objective of this study is to assess the knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures among adolescents in selected secondary schools. Specifically, the study aims to:
- Determine the level of knowledge among adolescents regarding sexual abuse, including their understanding of what constitutes sexual abuse, its different forms, and associated risks.
- Identify socio-demographic factors influencing adolescents’ knowledge of sexual abuse, such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and educational background.
- Evaluate the effectiveness of existing preventive measures implemented within secondary schools in addressing sexual abuse among adolescents.
- Examine the role of parents, schools, and the media in educating adolescents about sexual abuse and promoting preventive measures.
Research Hypotheses
The following research hypotheses are formulated
H1: there is no level of knowledge among adolescents regarding sexual abuse, including their understanding of what constitutes sexual abuse, its different forms, and associated risks
H2: there is no effectiveness of existing preventive measures implemented within secondary schools in addressing sexual abuse among adolescents
Significance of the study
This study holds significant implications for various stakeholders, including policymakers, educators, healthcare professionals, parents, and adolescents themselves. The following points highlight the significance of this research:
By assessing the knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures among adolescents, this study can provide valuable insights to policymakers and stakeholders involved in designing and implementing policies and interventions aimed at addressing sexual abuse in secondary schools. Evidence-based recommendations derived from the study can inform the development of more targeted and effective strategies to protect adolescents from sexual abuse.
Understanding adolescents’ level of knowledge about sexual abuse and their access to preventive measures can empower them to recognize and respond to instances of abuse. By identifying gaps in knowledge and providing education about sexual abuse, adolescents can be better equipped to protect themselves and seek support when needed, thereby promoting their safety and well-being.
The findings of this study can contribute to the enhancement of school-based programs and initiatives aimed at preventing sexual abuse among adolescents. Insights into the effectiveness of existing preventive measures can guide educators and school administrators in designing and implementing evidence-based interventions tailored to the needs of adolescents.
The role of parents in educating adolescents about sexual abuse is crucial. This study can underscore the importance of parental involvement in discussing sensitive topics related to sexual abuse and promoting open communication within families. Recommendations derived from the study can support parents in fostering a supportive and informed environment for their children.
Ultimately, the significance of this study lies in its potential to contribute to the promotion of adolescent well-being and the prevention of sexual abuse. By raising awareness, enhancing knowledge, and improving access to preventive measures, the study aims to create safer environments for adolescents in secondary schools, thereby safeguarding their physical and psychological health.
Scope of the study
The scope of the study covers Knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures among adolescent in selected secondary schools. The study will be limited to selected secondary schools in Uyo
Limitation of the study
Despite its importance and potential contributions, this study is not without limitations. It is essential to acknowledge these limitations to provide a clear understanding of the scope and applicability of the research findings. The following are some of the limitations:
- Sample Size and Selection Bias: The study’s findings may be influenced by the size and representativeness of the sample population. The selection of secondary schools and participants may not fully represent the diversity of adolescents’ experiences and perspectives regarding sexual abuse and preventive measures. Additionally, voluntary participation may introduce bias, as individuals who choose to participate may have different characteristics than those who do not.
- Self-Reported Data: The reliance on self-reported data for assessing adolescents’ knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures may introduce biases such as social desirability bias or recall bias. Adolescents may underreport or overreport their knowledge and experiences due to social norms or memory limitations, leading to inaccuracies in the findings.
- Cross-Sectional Design: The study’s cross-sectional design limits its ability to establish causal relationships between variables. While the study can provide insights into associations between knowledge of sexual abuse and preventive measures, it cannot determine causality or assess changes over time.
- Social Desirability Bias: Adolescents may provide responses that they perceive as socially desirable rather than reflecting their true knowledge or experiences. This bias can affect the accuracy of the data collected, particularly when addressing sensitive topics such as sexual abuse.
Definition of terms
- Sexual Abuse: Sexual abuse refers to any unwanted sexual activity imposed on an individual without their consent. This can include a wide range of behaviors, such as molestation, rape, sexual assault, harassment, exploitation, or coercion. Sexual abuse can occur within various contexts, including familial relationships, intimate partnerships, institutional settings, or by strangers.
- Adolescents: Adolescents refer to individuals in the transitional stage of development between childhood and adulthood, typically ranging from ages 10 to 19 years old. This period is characterized by significant physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes as individuals navigate their identity formation, peer relationships, and increasing independence.
- Knowledge: Knowledge refers to the awareness or understanding that individuals possess about a particular subject or topic. In the context of this study, knowledge of sexual abuse encompasses awareness of what constitutes sexual abuse, its various forms, associated risks, and preventive measures.
- Preventive Measures: Preventive measures are strategies, interventions, or actions implemented to reduce the likelihood of sexual abuse occurring and to protect individuals from harm. These measures can include educational programs, awareness campaigns, policy interventions, support services, and community initiatives aimed at promoting safety, empowerment, and the prevention of sexual abuse.
- Secondary Schools: Secondary schools, also known as high schools or junior high schools in some regions, are educational institutions that provide formal education to adolescents typically between the ages of 12 and 18 years old. Secondary education follows primary education and precedes tertiary or higher education, and it plays a crucial role in preparing students for further academic pursuits or entry into the workforce.
REFERENCES
- Cecil, D. K., & Matson, S. C. (2006). Misleading statistics and myths regarding adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Counseling & Development, 84(4), 412-420.Finkelhor, D., Shattuck, A., Turner, H. A., & Hamby, S. L. (2014). Trends in children’s exposure to violence, 2003 to 2011. JAMA Pediatrics, 168(6), 540-546.
- Pereda, N., Guilera, G., Forns, M., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2009). The prevalence of child sexual abuse in community and student samples: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 29(4), 328-338.
- Ullman, S. E. (2010). Talking about sexual assault: Society’s response to survivors. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Cecil, D. K., & Matson, S. C. (2006). Misleading statistics and myths regarding adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Counseling & Development, 84(4), 412-420.
- Senn, C. Y., Eliasziw, M., Barata, P. C., Thurston, W. E., Newby-Clark, I. R., Radtke, H. L., & Hobden, K. L. (2017). Efficacy of a sexual assault resistance program for university women. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(24), 2326-2335
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