ABSTRACT
This research project is aimed at producing domestic powder and consequently, three different types of powder were produced, namely, simple face powder (pan-cake), medicated/Antiseptic powder (dristing powder).
During the various production Talcum, Zinc-oxide, Perfume, Menthol, Tragasan 300 DP (Triclosan), Mineral oil and colour (brown) were the materials used in the production of different powders. And equipment and apparatus used for production of the three different powders products are electronic weighing balance, mortar and pistle, beaker, filter paper, mixer and spatula.
The simple face powder production. Talcum and perfume or Zinc-oxide and perfume were used and was ratio or measured in other to standize the product. Also the Brown powder (pan-cake) Talcum, mineral oil Zinc-sterate (Zinc-oxide) and colour were the material used in the production. Thus the Medicated/Antiseptic powder (dustin powder) comprises of Talcum, Irzasan 300 Dp, Menthol, and little addition of zinc-oxide.
All the three powder products has different stages of production and it involves the.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter one
Introduction
Chapter Two
Literature Review
Cosmetics
Cosmetic products
Lip stick
Cream
Powder
Classification of powder
Face powder
Simple powder
Brown powder
General properties of powder
Slip
Talc
Properties of talc
Zinc oxide (ZNO)
Properties of Zinc oxide
Uses of Zinc oxide
Toilet powder Dustin powder
Function of Antiseptic-Dustin powder
Precaution on Antiseptic Dustin powder Application
Aftershave powder
Baby powder
Antiseptic powder
Menthol
Effect on micro-organisms
Perfume
Preparation of starch
Properties of starch
Test for starch
Uses of starch
Chapter Three
3.0 Material and Experimental Methodology.
3.1 Material for production
3.2 Categories of powders produced .
3.3 Production procedure for simple powder
3.4 Apparatus and Experiment used
3.5 Aim of Experiment (Simple powder)
3.6 Method of production
3.61 Weighing stage
3.62 Mixing stage
3.63 Screening
3.7 Production of brown powder
3.71 Aim of Experiment
3.72 Weighing stage
3.73 Mixing stage
3.74 Screening stage
3.75 Compressing stage
3.8 Production of Medicated/Antiseptic powder
3.81 Aim of Experiment
3.82 Weighing stage
3.83 Mixing stage
3.84 Screening stage
3.9 Test of products properties
3.91 Test for covering powder/opacifying ability
3.92 Test for Adhesiveness
3.93 Test for colour match
3.94 Test for pleasing odour
Chapter four
4.0 Experimental results
4.1Experiment I(Simple face powder)
4.2 Experiment II(Brown powder)
4.3 Experiment III(Medicated /Antiseptic powder)
4.4 Physical test experimental result for physical properties/Qualities of produced powder.
Chapter Five
Cost Analysis
Chapter Six
Discussion
Chapter Seven
Conclusion/Recommendation
Chapter Eight
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Cosmetics are referred to as substances that make the face, body and hair look more attractive; generally, the study of cosmetology came into existence in the year 1895, in Chicago. Cosmetology is a branch of applied science, which deals with the external embellishment of the human, through the use of cosmetic products.
Cosmetics are of different types and are divided into hair care, body care, and make-up. Concisely, hair care cosmetics are referred to as the shampoo, Relaxers, conditioners, styling gel, pink oil, etc. Thus, there are used to beautify the hair. The body care cosmetics are the body creams and body lotions; they are cleansing creams and moisturizers, which are used for the body (Skin) Beautification.
Make-up cosmetics are referred to as powders, lipsticks, Wet-lips, cortex etc. powder is one of the cosmetic product that is widely used and very important to man since individuals want to promote their beauty.
Thus, powders are chemical formulation which are used on the external part of the skin e.g. face.
Powders are classified into three different types which are known as the simple powders, Antiseptic/Medicated powders, and Brown powders. Though, generally, the various powders are being applied on the skin but two of the powders named are basically for face beautification e.g Simple powder and Brown powder. The Antiseptic/Medicated are being applied on the body (Skin), when there is prickly heat rashes on the skin in other to inhabit or eliminate the micro-organisms that are infectious or causes infection to the human skin.
The qualities of the different powder products depends on the active ingredients and other additives added to it during it’s formulation. No single powder contains all the desired qualities needed by man and as such different powder cosmetics products exist in the market so as to meet the choice of individuals and as to such any of the product becomes medicated/Antiseptic powder when it contains germicidal or Antiseptic compounds including materials like Irzasan DP 300, Triclosan, menthol etc.
Any antiseptic added to powder must have selective toxicity so that it can only affact the particular micro-organisms activity to be controlled or eliminated and do not have any negative effect when applied on the skin (face or any part of the body.).
Hence, the brown powder (pan-cake or pressed powder) are pro duced purposely for the compliment of the skin colour.
Though, they vary in colours they are produced through the same medium the brown powder has three different colours namely colour 1
Colour 2, colour 3. Basically, colour 1 is produced for those with white skin colour people, colour 2 is produced for chocolate colour people, and colour 3 is produced for black skin colour people. Thus, the production of the brown powder is more tedious when compared to simple and Antiseptic/Medicated powders. Due to the process it under goes during the production. Thus, the simple powder is the most easiest and cheapest to produce among the three different types of powder.
Generally, in the production of various powders, the materials used are the talcum, Zinc-oxide, Perfume, Menthol, Mineral oil, Irgasan DP 300, but not all the materials named above are used in the production of the different powders, like the simple powder, Talcum, Perfume and Zinc oxide; if the need arise but it can be produced using Talcum and perfume. The Antiseptic /Medicated powders, Irgasan DP 300,Talcum are used in the production process, while the brown powders zinc state, talcum mineral oil, colour and perfume are used during the production.
Hence, in the production of powder, there are some quality control the producer must adhere to during production, the powder materials must be smooth and very fine in texture, in other words, there should not be particles in the powder and furthermore, the oil level must not exceed the normal quantity and a good oil should be used and the mineral oil should be very pure (Technical oil) that is a purified oil.
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