An Investigation of United States of America War on Terrorism and Its Impact on Global Security (A Case Study of Afghanistan)

An Investigation of United States of America War on Terrorism and Its Impact on Global Security (A Case Study of Afghanistan)   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Terrorism is a phenomena that has become a source of concern for governments all around the globe. Terrorism, according to Jenkins (1975), is a strategy in which violence is employed to create specific effects in a group of people in order to achieve some political goal or ends, and one of the consequences of such a strategy is typically fear, but there are other effects as well. In his contribution, Thornton (1964) defines terrorism as the use of fear as a symbolic act aimed at influencing political behavior via non-traditional methods, including the threat of violence. Terrorism may therefore accomplish political goals by rallying troops sympathetic to...

Ascertaining the Challenges of Ghana Police Service Under Constitutional Regimes From 1992-2008: a Case Study of Ashanti Central Division

Ascertaining the Challenges of Ghana Police Service Under Constitutional Regimes From 1992-2008: a Case Study of Ashanti Central Division   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of Study Ghana, like other West African countries, has gone through a lot of leadership changes since it gained independence in March 1957 and republican status in July 1960. The country has been a torchbearer in the African liberation struggle. It was the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence from colonial rule (The British Imperial Government). Because it is a doyen of political premiership, it managed to clear that path to constitutional governance after 12 years of military dictatorship. However, in 1992, a new constitution was put in place to start a new democratic dispensation in which the police played a vital role. Firstly, the...

Ascertaining the Challenges of North-south Collaboration in Educational Development in Ghana

Ascertaining the Challenges of North-south Collaboration in Educational Development in Ghana   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background To The Study Ghana's education growth has been hampered by numerous problems, including repeated changes in education policies and economic difficulties, such as governance instability following multiple military takeovers and rising oil prices in the early days. In the 1970s, the country's economy was in a downturn, and the education sector suffered resource restrictions. As a result of political insecurity, special precautions were implemented in place, and educational programmes were changed on a regular basis. Because the majority of early leavers were illiterate, the teaching and learning environment in primary schools deteriorated, which had previously been a source of concern in Ghana. Trust in...

Community-based Forest Management Project and Effect on Women’s Livelihood. (Case Study of Rudeya Forest Management Project in the Asunafo District of Brong Ahafo Region, Ghana)

Community-based Forest Management Project and Effect on Women’s Livelihood. (Case Study of Rudeya Forest Management Project in the Asunafo District of Brong Ahafo Region, Ghana)   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The disparity between estimates of forest loss is less striking, but still significant, at the global level. Elaine Matthiaws, a NASA scientist, attempted to estimate the world's initial forest cover based on climatically suited places and compared it to the condition in 1970. She came to the conclusion that the original cover had lost 15% of its value (Cleaver et al, 1992). According to Cleaver, the total area of tropical forest lost each year ranges from 133,000 to 245,000 square kilometers. According to surveys, the rate of deforestation in emerging countries has been increasing. In West Africa, for...

Pattern of Overweight and Obesity Among Secondary School Students in Benue State of Nigeria.

Pattern of Overweight and Obesity Among Secondary School Students in Benue State of Nigeria.   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of The Study In affluent societies, obesity is the most common nutritional disorder. Obesity is a condition characterized by an abnormally excessive level of body fat (Edinburgh 1995). It is defined as abnormal adipose tissue growth caused by fat cell enlargement (hypertrophic obesity) or an increase in the number of fat cells (hyperplastic obesity) or a combination of the two (Park K 2005). Excess fat accumulates as a result of an imbalance in energy intake and expenditure. Obesity's importance cannot be overstated because it is linked to increased morbidity and mortality. It predisposes to the development of serious diseases and reduces the efficiency and happiness of those who suffer from...

A Critical Investigation of the Challenges in Recruitment, Selection and Placement of Workers in National Fire Service, Central Region of Ghana.

A Critical Investigation of the Challenges in Recruitment, Selection and Placement of Workers in National Fire Service, Central Region of Ghana.   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY In today's development mindset, the relevance of institutions that provide fire prevention and suppression services can not be emphasized. These services are required to safeguard property and save lives. However, in underdeveloped nations like Ghana, the delivery of these services is woefully inadequate. In underdeveloped nations, such institutions are ill-equipped to provide the necessary fire prevention and suppression services mandated by the legislation that formed them. This predicament, along with inadequate service conditions, makes it impossible for these institutions to attract the necessary human resources for successful...

A Critical Investigation of the Challenges and Performance of Internally Generated Revenue Mobilisation ( Case Study of Abura Asebu Kwamankese Local Loevel Development District Assembly, Ghana)

A Critical Investigation of the Challenges and Performance of Internally Generated Revenue Mobilisation ( Case Study of Abura Asebu Kwamankese Local Loevel Development District Assembly, Ghana)   INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of Study Many African countries have begun to decentralize in order to improve the role of regional and local governments in development (World Bank, 1999a). The rationale for this is that decentralization will improve the prospects of development at the community level. Decentralisation is also seen as an important tool for aligning public spending with local priorities, strengthening management incentives, and increasing accountability to users at the site of service delivery. In a nutshell, decentralisation will allow local governments to take charge of local development initiatives within their jurisdiction,...

An Assessment of Maintenance in Local Government Areas in Accordance to Project Management( a Case Study of Oron Lga, Akwa Ibom State)

An Assessment of Maintenance in Local Government Areas in Accordance to Project Management( a Case Study of Oron Lga, Akwa Ibom State) CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of Study The requirement to design and produce projects in the smallest amount of time led to the development of project management. In complicated initiatives, project management is required to offer a sense of purpose and to establish a focal point for coordinating the actions of literally hundreds of relatively autonomous groups or bodies. It's especially effective when a lot of collaboration between various parties is required. Facility maintenance, on the other hand, is important not only for extending the life of machines or other productive facilities, but it also serves as a safety valve for the equipment's operators. Priel (1994) claims that keeping plants and...

Achieving the MDG 4: an Assessment of the Quality of Child Health Services in the Public Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria ( a Case Study of Nnewi North Lga, Anambra State

Achieving the MDG 4: an Assessment of the Quality of Child Health Services in the Public Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria ( a Case Study of Nnewi North Lga, Anambra State   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of Study In poor and middle-income nations like Nigeria, children and women account for three-quarters of the population. They are also the most vulnerable and environmentally conscious. As a result, children bear a disproportionate amount of the global disease burden. 1 Although significant progress was made in the previous decade in terms of reducing childhood health indicators, several countries suffered stasis or even reversals during the 1990s. 1 Low usage of high-quality health services is one of the explanations offered. Another explanation is that, in these emerging countries, the concept of quality has...

An Examination of the Effect of Community Health Education on the Behaviour of People (Case Study of Selected Rural Communities in Central Region of Ghana)

An Examination of the Effect of Community Health Education on the Behaviour of People (Case Study of Selected Rural Communities in Central Region of Ghana) CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Rural health improvement is an important area of focus by the government of Ghana in the bid to reduce poverty. This is because ill health, malnutrition and a high birth rate are often reasons for poverty in households. However, poverty itself is also a cause of ill health since inadequate financial resources result in poor access to health care, food, water, and sanitation, which are key inputs to good health (Klugman, 2002). According to Klugman (2002), poor countries and poor people suffer from a multiplicity of deprivations that translate into high levels of ill health that far exceed the population average. He adds that it is not...

An Examination of the Causes, Prevention and Management of Organizational Politics in Cape Coast Polytechnic, Ghana

An Examination of the Causes, Prevention and Management of Organizational Politics in Cape Coast Polytechnic, Ghana CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Organizations are social entities that involve a struggle for resources, personal conflicts, and a variety of influence tactics are executed by individuals and groups to obtain benefits and goals in different ways. Power and politics play a huge role in business, from governing how decisions are made to how employees interact with one another. In businesses big and small, the impact of power depends on whether employees use positive or negative power to influence others in the workplace. Politics may directly influence who has the power and determine whether the overall culture of the workplace encourages productivity. Organizational politics is endemic to organizations....

An Examination of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Professionals to Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Asaba, Delta State

An Examination of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Professionals to Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Asaba, Delta State CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Every day, a large number of drugs are introduced onto the market around the world. Nevertheless, due to a lack of understanding, the safety of medicines remains a key worry for many demographic groups. An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "any deleterious, inadvertent, and unwanted reaction to drugs when used for prevention, diagnosis, or treatment at therapeutic doses or for the modification of physiological malfunction that prevents accidental or deliberate overdosage or drug maladministration" (Aspinall,2002). Predictable and dose-related ADRs, unpredictable and nondose-related ADRs, both dose and...
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