Achieving the MDG 4: an Assessment of the Quality of Child Health Services in the Public Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria ( a Case Study of Nnewi North Lga, Anambra State

Achieving the MDG 4: an Assessment of the Quality of Child Health Services in the Public Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria ( a Case Study of Nnewi North Lga, Anambra State   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of Study In poor and middle-income nations like Nigeria, children and women account for three-quarters of the population. They are also the most vulnerable and environmentally conscious. As a result, children bear a disproportionate amount of the global disease burden. 1 Although significant progress was made in the previous decade in terms of reducing childhood health indicators, several countries suffered stasis or even reversals during the 1990s. 1 Low usage of high-quality health services is one of the explanations offered. Another explanation is that, in these emerging countries, the concept of quality has...

An Examination of the Effect of Community Health Education on the Behaviour of People (Case Study of Selected Rural Communities in Central Region of Ghana)

An Examination of the Effect of Community Health Education on the Behaviour of People (Case Study of Selected Rural Communities in Central Region of Ghana) CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Rural health improvement is an important area of focus by the government of Ghana in the bid to reduce poverty. This is because ill health, malnutrition and a high birth rate are often reasons for poverty in households. However, poverty itself is also a cause of ill health since inadequate financial resources result in poor access to health care, food, water, and sanitation, which are key inputs to good health (Klugman, 2002). According to Klugman (2002), poor countries and poor people suffer from a multiplicity of deprivations that translate into high levels of ill health that far exceed the population average. He adds that it is not...

An Examination of the Causes, Prevention and Management of Organizational Politics in Cape Coast Polytechnic, Ghana

An Examination of the Causes, Prevention and Management of Organizational Politics in Cape Coast Polytechnic, Ghana CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Organizations are social entities that involve a struggle for resources, personal conflicts, and a variety of influence tactics are executed by individuals and groups to obtain benefits and goals in different ways. Power and politics play a huge role in business, from governing how decisions are made to how employees interact with one another. In businesses big and small, the impact of power depends on whether employees use positive or negative power to influence others in the workplace. Politics may directly influence who has the power and determine whether the overall culture of the workplace encourages productivity. Organizational politics is endemic to organizations....

An Examination of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Professionals to Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Asaba, Delta State

An Examination of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Professionals to Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Asaba, Delta State CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Every day, a large number of drugs are introduced onto the market around the world. Nevertheless, due to a lack of understanding, the safety of medicines remains a key worry for many demographic groups. An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "any deleterious, inadvertent, and unwanted reaction to drugs when used for prevention, diagnosis, or treatment at therapeutic doses or for the modification of physiological malfunction that prevents accidental or deliberate overdosage or drug maladministration" (Aspinall,2002). Predictable and dose-related ADRs, unpredictable and nondose-related ADRs, both dose and...

A Critical Examination of Global Environmental Hazard of E-waste and Its Threat to Human Security – A Case Study of Agbogbloshie E-waste Dumpsite Ghana.

A Critical Examination of Global Environmental Hazard of E-waste and Its Threat to Human Security - A Case Study of Agbogbloshie E-waste Dumpsite Ghana. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Technology has had an incalculable impact on the fabric of human society. As electronic gadgets and appliances continue to ease and improve our living conditions, society has become reliant on them. According to a United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) 2015 report, the electronic industry is one of the largest and fastest-growing industries, while also producing the most e-waste of electronic gadgets and appliances globally in the millions of tonnes per year. Schwab (2016) explains in his book The Fourth (4th) Industrial Revolution how the boom in technology has presented a variety of opportunities to humanity. Households, health and...

Role of Conscientious on Job Performance in an Organization

Role of Conscientious on Job Performance in an Organization Abstract This study was on role of conscientious on job performance in an organization. Two objectives were raised which included; To ascertain the role of conscientious on job performance in organization and to ascertain the effect of conscientious on employee innovation in the organization. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected organization in Uyos. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).   Chapter one Introduction 1.1Background of the study Conscientiousness is the personality mannerism that is distinct as being systematic, cautious, or observant; it implies a desire to do a task well. When we evaluating “job performance” for a person highly...

Effects of Decentralization on Local Level Development: (a Case Study of the Yilo Krobo District in Ghana)

Effects of Decentralisation on Local Level Development: (a Case Study of the Yilo Krobo District in Ghana) CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Across the world, governments are dealing with the challenges raised by both globalization and a movement towards democratic systems of governance. In an effort to make the delivery of services more efficient and to bring them closer to the people, many countries have moved to decentralize a range of activities. There is a popular belief among decentralists that if local governments have the power to generate and spend revenue without relying on central government funding, their expenditure will be pro-poor and will improve the lives of local people. Such views have influenced recent calls for greater decentralization in developing countries in general and Africa in particular...

An Evaluation of Expanded Programme on Immunization and the Factors Influencing Community Participation ( Case Study of Elimina Sub-district)

An Evaluation of Expanded Programme on Immunization and the Factors Influencing Community Participation ( Case Study of Elimina Sub-district)   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of Study In community development programs, community engagement now appears to be the "software." Community participation as a developmental strategy is an important cog in the wheel of ensuring that community programs are well-planned, implemented, monitored, evaluated, maintained, managed, and financed for the benefit of the current generation and future generations, using human, natural, and man-made resources (Putman, 2000). There is no single definition of community engagement; rather, there are a plethora of definitions that vary based on the degree of participation. In this continuum, "participation" spans from minor or "co-opted" participation,...

Government Auditing of the National Home Grown School Feeding Programme (Nhgsfp) and Its Impact on the Programme’s Efficiency and Effectiveness in Katsina

Government Auditing of the National Home Grown School Feeding Programme (Nhgsfp) and Its Impact on the Programme's Efficiency and Effectiveness in Katsina   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Agriculture is a key driver of development and progress in developing countries. Despite this, around 925 million people globally, including 235 million in Sub-Saharan Africa, suffer from chronic hunger and malnutrition (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2013). Ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture are all aims of the United Nations Goal 2 by 2030. As a result, sustainable development will be enhanced (FAO, 2010; FAO, 2013). Malnutrition is described by the World Food Programme (2005) as "a situation in which an individual's physical function is compromised to the...

A Collosal Investigation on the Relationship Between E-naira and E-banking

A Collosal Investigation on the Relationship Between E-naira and E-banking   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study The notion of electronic banking was born as a result of technological improvement in the banking system. Customers no longer need to visit a physical financial institution to complete a transaction; instead, they can do it from the comfort of their own home using internet and mobile technologies. E-banking is a contemporary, completely automated service that delivers traditional banking products to consumers using information technology platforms and interactive communication channels, according to Amadeh H, Jafarpour M; (2009). Other academic works define e-banking as the automated delivery of innovative and conventional banking goods and services to consumers via interactive electronic communication...

A Comparative Survey of the Print Media in the Coverage of Kidnapping in Nigeria (a Case Study of Vanguard and Daily Trust Newspaper)

A Comparative Survey of the Print Media in the Coverage of Kidnapping in Nigeria (a Case Study of Vanguard and Daily Trust Newspaper)   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of The Study Violent crimes, such as armed robbery, drug trafficking, kidnappings and abductions, assassinations, bank raiding, militancy, and terrorism has been a major challenge in most countries of Africa. And Nigeria is no exception.  kidnapping as a form of violent crime has the potential to emerge into other felonies such as physical abuse, financial extortion, and murder etc. Nigerian kidnapping activities can be traced back to the early nineties (Hazen & Horner 2007). Dating from the early 2000s, kidnappings contributed extensively to a climate of terrorism in Nigeria's South East, Niger Delta, and South-western regions, and subsequently became a...

Covid 19 and the Psychosocial Adjustment of Secondary School Students: a Study of Selected Secondary Schools in Abuja

Covid 19 and the Psychosocial Adjustment of Secondary School Students: a Study of Selected Secondary Schools in Abuja   CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The Covid-19 virus outbreak created a lot of turbulence in the world which affected different sectors of nation’s economy. Not only did it impact nations but on the receiving end was it creating significant psychological and sociological changes in the lives of individuals and societies worldwide. This health emergency has critically impacted all segments of contemporary societies, including every level of the schooling system. The vital implementation of various social distancing measures has meant the partial or total closure of schools and a shift from regular face-to-face teaching to online teaching. This major alteration in instruction and learning...
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