Adapting Emerging Trends in the Professional Training and Practice of Exercise Scientists in Meeting the Health Needs of Nigeria Sustainable Development
Abstract
This study employed a quantitative survey research design to investigate the adapting emerging trends in the professional training and practice of exercise scientists in meeting the health needs of Nigeria’s sustainable development. A structured questionnaire was developed to gather data from a sample of 120 respondents working in various organizations and institutions. The collected data were presented and analyzed using SPSS version 27, a widely recognized statistical software tool. The research hypotheses were tested using the t-test statistical method, comparing the computed t-statistic with the critical table value at a 5% level of significance. The findings of the study indicated a significant lack of integration of emerging trends in exercise science into the training curriculum of exercise scientists in Nigeria. This deficiency raised concerns about the preparedness of exercise scientists to apply these trends effectively in their practice. Additionally, the study revealed that while there was an awareness of emerging trends such as technology, holistic wellness, and cultural considerations, their application in practice was inconsistent. Respondents perceived both opportunities and challenges in adopting these trends, suggesting a need for targeted interventions to enhance their integration. In conclusion, the study’s results underscore the importance of addressing the gap in the incorporation of emerging trends in exercise science into the training curriculum of exercise scientists in Nigeria. This deficiency hinders their ability to meet the evolving health needs of the population effectively. Based on the findings, it is recommended that academic institutions and professional bodies revisit their training programs to ensure alignment with current trends and practices in exercise science. Additionally, practitioners should be encouraged to actively engage with emerging trends and seek continuous professional development opportunities.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
The field of exercise science has seen remarkable advancements in recent years, driven by emerging trends in health and wellness (Katzmarzyk et al., 2021). Nigeria, with its rapidly growing population and increasing health challenges, faces the crucial task of addressing the health needs of its citizens while simultaneously striving for sustainable development (UN, 2021). A pivotal aspect of achieving this balance is the professional training and practice of exercise scientists. These experts play a vital role in promoting physical activity, preventing and managing chronic diseases, and enhancing overall well-being (Lobelo & De Quevedo, 2020). To effectively meet the health needs of Nigeria’s population and contribute to sustainable development, it is imperative to adapt to the emerging trends in the field of exercise science (Sachs et al., 2021).
The emerging trends in exercise science encompass a variety of domains, each holding great potential to revolutionize the practice of exercise science and its impact on public health in Nigeria. One of these trends is the advancement in exercise prescription, which takes into account individualized approaches to physical activity and tailors exercise programs to specific health needs (Lee et al., 2012). These personalized exercise prescriptions not only improve the effectiveness of interventions but also enhance adherence and long-term health outcomes (Katzmarzyk et al., 2021). However, it remains essential to assess whether Nigerian exercise scientists are incorporating these personalized approaches into their practice and training programs (Abaraogu et al., 2016).
Technology has also played a significant role in shaping the exercise science landscape. The use of wearable devices, smartphone applications, and activity trackers has become increasingly prevalent in monitoring and assessing physical activity levels (Laranjo et al., 2021). These technological tools provide real-time data and feedback, allowing for more accurate and personalized exercise recommendations. Nonetheless, it is essential to examine whether Nigerian exercise scientists are leveraging these technological advancements to enhance their practice and training (Pradal-Cano et al., 2020).
Another noteworthy trend in exercise science is the shift towards holistic wellness. Exercise scientists are now considering not only physical health but also mental, emotional, and social well-being (Schuch et al., 2016). This holistic approach acknowledges the interconnectedness of various aspects of health and recognizes that well-being extends beyond physical fitness. It is imperative to explore whether exercise scientists in Nigeria are embracing this holistic perspective in their training and practice, as it has profound implications for improving overall health and well-being (Pedersen et al., 2021).
Cultural considerations are also gaining prominence in the field of exercise science. Acknowledging the diverse cultural contexts in which physical activity occurs, exercise scientists are increasingly tailoring their interventions to be culturally sensitive and relevant (Oyeyemi et al., 2020). This approach recognizes that cultural beliefs, practices, and traditions can significantly influence an individual’s engagement in physical activity. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate whether exercise scientists in Nigeria are integrating cultural considerations into their training and practice to promote inclusivity and effectiveness (Joseph et al., 2017).
While these emerging trends hold immense promise for advancing the field of exercise science, there is a pressing need to assess the extent to which they are being incorporated into the training and practice of exercise scientists in Nigeria. To promote sustainable development, it is essential to bridge the gap between these trends and their practical application in the Nigerian context (Sachs et al., 2021). This investigation can shed light on the current state of the profession and identify areas that require attention and improvement.
Efforts to adapt to these emerging trends in Nigeria should also take into account the broader policy and socioeconomic context. Nigeria’s healthcare system faces significant challenges, including access disparities and limited resources (Adeyanju et al., 2017). Therefore, policies and strategies that support the integration of exercise science into healthcare should be developed and implemented (Castro et al., 2020). Additionally, addressing socioeconomic inequalities that may hinder access to exercise science services is crucial (Ball et al., 2021). This multifaceted approach can help ensure that the benefits of exercise science reach all segments of the population.
Furthermore, collaboration between exercise scientists, healthcare providers, and policymakers is essential for successful implementation (Musoke et al., 2021). By working together, these stakeholders can develop comprehensive strategies that leverage the expertise of exercise scientists to address Nigeria’s pressing health needs while contributing to the nation’s sustainable development goals (Sachs et al., 2021).
In conclusion, Nigeria faces the dual challenge of addressing the health needs of its growing population and promoting sustainable development. Exercise scientists play a pivotal role in achieving both objectives by promoting physical activity, preventing and managing chronic diseases, and enhancing overall well-being. To effectively meet these challenges, it is imperative to adapt to the emerging trends in the field of exercise science. These trends encompass advancements in exercise prescription, the use of technology in monitoring and assessment, a shift towards holistic wellness, and the integration of cultural considerations. However, it is essential to investigate whether these trends are being incorporated into the training and practice of exercise scientists in Nigeria to ensure that the nation’s health needs are met, and sustainable development is achieved.
Statement of Problem
Despite the increasing recognition of the importance of physical activity in preventing and managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (World Health Organization, 2017), the burden of physical inactivity in Nigeria remains substantial (Guthold et al., 2018). This presents a significant challenge to the nation’s health and sustainable development goals, as physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for NCDs (Ding et al., 2016).
Furthermore, there is a gap in the literature regarding the extent to which exercise scientists in Nigeria are incorporating emerging trends in their training and practice (Abaraogu et al., 2016). Are they effectively utilizing personalized exercise prescriptions, harnessing technology, adopting a holistic wellness approach, and considering cultural nuances in their interventions? Understanding the current state of the profession is crucial for identifying barriers and opportunities for improvement (Oyeyemi et al., 2020).
Moreover, the socioeconomic disparities prevalent in Nigeria (Baum et al., 2018) pose a challenge to equitable access to exercise science services. This exacerbates health inequalities and hinders progress towards sustainable development goals (Sachs et al., 2021). Additionally, the lack of policy frameworks and strategies supporting the integration of exercise science into healthcare further complicates the issue (Oyeyemi et al., 2020).
Therefore, the problem at hand is the need to bridge the gap between the emerging trends in exercise science and their practical application in Nigeria, considering socioeconomic disparities and policy support. This requires a comprehensive examination of the current state of professional training and practice among exercise scientists and the development of strategies to address the challenges hindering the realization of the full potential of exercise science in advancing Nigeria’s health and sustainable development goals.
Objectives of the Study
This study had three specific objectives:
- To assess the extent to which emerging trends in exercise science are incorporated into the training of exercise scientists in Nigeria.
- To examine how exercise scientists in Nigeria apply emerging trends in their practice to meet the health needs of the population.
- To identify the perceived barriers and facilitators to the adoption of emerging trends in exercise science in Nigeria.
Research Questions
To guide this study, the following research questions were formulated:
- What is the level of integration of emerging trends in exercise science into the training curriculum of exercise scientists in Nigeria?
- How do exercise scientists in Nigeria apply emerging trends such as technology, holistic wellness, and cultural considerations in their practice?
- What are the perceived challenges and opportunities for exercise scientists in Nigeria in adopting emerging trends in their profession?
Research Hypotheses
The following research hypotheses were formulated:
Null Hypotheses(H0):
- There is no significant integration of emerging trends in exercise science into the training curriculum of exercise scientists in Nigeria.
- Exercise scientists in Nigeria do not effectively apply emerging trends in exercise science in their practice.
- There are no significant barriers to the adoption of emerging trends in exercise science by exercise scientists in Nigeria.
Alternative Hypotheses(H1):
- There is a significant integration of emerging trends in exercise science into the training curriculum of exercise scientists in Nigeria.
- Exercise scientists in Nigeria effectively apply emerging trends in exercise science in their practice.
- There are significant barriers to the adoption of emerging trends in exercise science by exercise scientists in Nigeria.
Significance of the Study
This study holds significant importance for various stakeholders, including policymakers, educators, exercise scientists, and the general population of Nigeria.
The study’s results can guide policymakers in developing policies and strategies that promote the integration of emerging trends in exercise science into the healthcare system. This could lead to improved public health outcomes and contribute to the nation’s sustainable development goals.
Educators and institutions offering exercise science programs will benefit from insights into the gaps and strengths in current training curricula. This information can be used to improve the quality of education and ensure that graduates are well-prepared to address contemporary health challenges.
Exercise scientists and practitioners will gain a better understanding of how to effectively incorporate emerging trends into their practice, ultimately improving their ability to positively impact the health and well-being of Nigerians.
The study’s findings will shed light on the extent to which exercise scientists can contribute to addressing the health needs of Nigeria’s population. This knowledge will be valuable in promoting physical activity and preventing NCDs, thus improving public health.
Scope of the Study
This study focused on exercise scientists and professionals in Nigeria, including those involved in academia, clinical practice, sports science, and fitness training. It examined the integration of emerging trends in exercise science into training programs and their application in practice. The research also explored the perceived barriers and facilitators to the adoption of these trends. The study did not encompass the entire healthcare system but concentrated on the role of exercise scientists in meeting health needs related to physical activity and wellness.
Operational Definition of Terms
Exercise Science: The multidisciplinary field that encompasses the study of human movement, exercise, physical fitness, and the application of this knowledge to promote health and well-being.
Emerging Trends: The latest developments, practices, and approaches in exercise science, including but not limited to advancements in exercise prescription, technology utilization, holistic wellness, and cultural considerations.
Sustainable Development: The pursuit of economic, social, and environmental goals that promote long-term well-being without compromising the needs of future generations.
Nigeria: The focus of this study, is a West African country with a diverse population and a growing need for effective healthcare strategies.
Training Curriculum: The structured educational program followed by individuals pursuing a career in exercise science, encompassing coursework, practical training, and assessment.
Barriers: Factors or obstacles that hinder the integration of emerging trends in exercise science into training and practice.
Facilitators: Factors or conditions that promote the successful integration of emerging trends in exercise science into training and practice.
Physical Activity: Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure, encompassing activities such as exercise, sports, and recreational activities.
REFERENCES
- World Health Organization (WHO). Non-communicable diseases (NCD) country profiles 2014. World Health Organization.
- World Health Organization. (2017). Best buys’ and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. Geneva: World Health Organization.
- World Health Organization. (2021). WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health: African Regional Consultation Meeting Report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
- World Health Organization. (2022). Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014. World Health Organization.
- Yona, T., Ami, N. B., Azmon, M., Weisman, A., & Keshet, N. (2019, October 1). Physiotherapists lack knowledge of the WHO physical activity guidelines. A local or a global problem? Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 43, 70–75. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2019.07.007
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