ABSTRACT
With advancement of technology things are becoming simpler and easier for us. Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. The purpose of this project is to design and construct A GSM based home automation using AVR. Using GSM networks, in this project a home power control system has been proposed that will act as an embedded system which can monitor and control appliances and other devices locally using built-in input and output peripherals. The system has a delay of 2 minutes after the first call to initiate the next command. This project is made up of four vital units. These units are as follows: GSM module unit, peripheral interface control (PIC) unit, driver unit and a power monitoring and control unit. The GSM module is a GSM transceiver which gives the system access to the GSM service provider. The peripheral interface control (PIC) is programmed to carry out the OFF/ RESET operation according to the GSM commands while the driver and control unit consist of capacitors, resistors, diodes, regulators and electromagnetic relay is to effect power switching. The major component that performed the power control of 220v main supply and the automatic voltage regulation (AVR) is the automated electromagnetic relay. The project was realized.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page- – – – – – – – – – -i
Certification page- – – – – – – – – -ii
Dedication- – – – – – – – – – -iii
Acknowledgement- – – – – – – – -iv
Abstract- – – – – – – – – – -v
Table of content- – – – – – – – – -vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction To The Project- – – – – – -1
1.2 Background Of Study- – – – – – – -2
1.3 Problem Statement- – – – – – – – -3
1.4 Aims And Objectives- – – – – – – -4
1.5 Scopes And Purpose Of System Specification- – – – -5
1.6 Limitations- – – – – – – – – -6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of Related Works- – – – – – -9
2.2 Home Automation System- – – – – – – -9
2.3 Brief History of Tone Recognition Device– – – – -11
2.4 History of Home Automation- – – – – – -12
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2.4.1 The Mechanical Evolution- – – – – – -13
2.4.2 The Electrical Evolution- – – – – – – -14
2.4.3 The Information Revolution- – – – – – -15
2.5 Smart Home Today- – – – – – – – -16
2.6 Aspects of Automation Speech Recognition (ASR) Device- – -18
CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Hardware Subsystem- – – – – – – -22
3.2 System Analysis- – – – – – – – -23
3.3 Regulation Unit- – – – – – – – -28
3.4 The Power Supply – – – – – – – – -30
3.5 The Microcontroller- – – – – – – – -30
3.6 The System Flow Chart- – – – – – – -31
CHAPTER FOUR: CONSTRUCTION AND COMPONENT LIST
4.1 Construction- – – – – – – – – -37
4.2 Constructional Methods- – – – – – – -37
4.3 Power Supply Unit (PSU)- – – – – – – -38
4.3 Mounting of Components- – – – – – – -40
4.4 Interconnection of Components- – – – – – -40
4.6 Bill of Engineering Materials and Evaluation (BEME)- – -42
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CHAPTER FIVE: RECOMMENDATION, CONCLUSION AND
CONSTRAINTS
5.1 Conclusion- – – – – – – – – -44
5.2 Recommendation- – – – – – – – -44
5.3 Major Constraint- – – – – – – – -45
5.4 Constraint Consideration- – – – – – – -45
5.5 Technology Consideration- – – – – – – -46
REFERENCE- – – – – – – – – -47
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
With advancement of technology things are becoming simpler and easier for
us. Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies to
reduce the need for human work in the production of goods and services. In the
scope of industrialization, automation is a step beyond mechanization. Whereas
mechanization provided human operators with machinery to assist them with
the muscular requirements of work, automation greatly decreases the need for
human sensory and mental requirements as well. Automation plays an
increasingly important role in the world economy and in daily experience.
Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. Through this
project we have tried to show automatic control of a house as a result of which
power is saved to some extent. GSM based home automation using AVR is an
electronic device that allows a GSM cell phone to monitor and shut down
electrical power supply at home where there are emergency or ugly situations
such as fire outbreak, lightning strikes, switching surges, transients, neutral
failure and other abnormal conditions or malfunctions that can destroy lives
and properties.
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GSM based home automation using AVR is a system that implements the
emerging applications of the GSM technology which enable the users to carry
out some task from anywhere in the world via a GSM network, and the system
will automatically regulates power surge. The system is made up of a GSM
amplifier unit, PIC12f629 microcontroller, power control and a power supply
unit. These sub circuits are designed using passive and active electronic
components like capacitors, resistors, diode, regulators, transistors,
electromagnetic relay, microcontroller and battery.
1.2 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
The new age of technology has redefined communication. Most people nowadays
have access to mobile phones and thus the world indeed has become a global
village. At any given moment, any particular individual can be contacted with the
mobile phone. But the application of mobile phone cannot just be restricted to
sending SMS or starting conversations. New innovations and ideas can be
generated from it that can further enhance its capability.
Technologies such as Infra-red, Bluetooth, etc which has developed in recent
years goes to show the very fact that improvements are in fact possible and these
improvements have eased our life and the way we live. Remote management of
several home and office appliances is a subject of growing interest and in recent
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years we have seen many systems providing such controls. An appliance of a
certain location is eliminated with the use of our system. These days, apart from
supporting voice calls a mobile phone can be used to send text messages as well
as multimedia messages (that may contain pictures, graphics, animations, etc).
Sending written text messages is very popular among mobile phone users. Instant
messaging, as it is also known, allows quick transmission of short messages that
allow an individual to share ideas, opinions and other relevant information. We
have designed a control system which is based on the GSM technology that
effectively allows control from a remote area to the desired location. The
application of our suggested system is immense in the ever changing
technological world. It allows a greater degree of freedom to an individual
whether it is controlling the household appliances or office equipments. There is
no need to be physically present in order to control.
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Technology has advanced so much in the last decade or two that it has made
life more efficient and comfortable. The comfort of being able to take control
of devices from one particular location has become imperative as it saves a lot
of time and effort. Therefore there arises a need to do so in a systematic
manner which we have tried to implement with our system. The system we
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have proposed is an extended approach to automating a control system. With
the advancement and breakthroughs in technology over the years, the lives of
people have become more complicated and thus they have become busier than
before. With the adoption of our system, we can gain control over certain
things that required constant attention. The application of our system comes in
handy when people who forget to do simple things such as turn ON or OFF
devices at their home or in their office, they can now do so without their
presence by making a call from their mobile phone. This development, I
believe, will ultimately save a lot of time especially when people don’t have to
come back for simple things such as to turn OFF switches at their home or at
their office once they set out for their respective work.
1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The objective of this project is to develop a device that can automatically
regulate power surge in the home and allow its users to remotely control and
monitor multiple home appliances using a cellular phone. This system is a
powerful and flexible tool that will offer this service at any time, and from
anywhere with the constraints of the technologies being applied. Possible target
appliances include (but are not limited to) climate control system, security
systems, lights; anything with an electrical interface.
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The proposed approach for designing this system is to implement a
microcontroller-based control module that receives its instructions and
command from a cellular phone over the GSM network.
The project “GSM based home automation using AVR” as the title suggests is
aimed to construct a control system that enables the complete control of the
interface on which it is based.
General objectives of the project are defined as;
To co-ordinate appliances and other devices through phone call.
To effectively receive and transmit data via phone call
To eliminate the need of being physically present in any location for tasks
involving the operation of appliances within a household/office.
Minimize power and time wastage
1.5 SCOPES AND PURPOSE OF SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
The system specification shows the description of the function and the
performance of system and the user. The scope of our project “GSM based
home automation using AVR” is immense.
The future implications of the project are very great considering the amount of
time and resources it saves. The project we have undertaken can be used as a
reference or as a base for realizing a scheme to be implemented in other
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projects of greater level such as weather forecasting, temperature updates,
device synchronization, etc. The project itself can be modified to achieve a
complete Home Automation system which will then create a platform for the
user to interface between himself and the household.
1.6 LIMITATIONS
Our project has certain limitations and a list of such is mentioned below:-
A. The receiver must reside in a location where a signal with sufficient strength
can be received from a cellular phone network.
B. Only devices with electrical controlling input ports will be possible targets
for control.
C. Operation of the controlling unit is only possible through a cell phone and
SIM card with the capability of receiving phone calls.
D. The Control unit must be able to receive and decode phone calls.
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