Design And Implementation Of An Automatic Street Lighting System Using IOT
ABSTRACT
The internet has always been a joy to the world since the early 1990s. It has now brought about one of its most revolutionary implementations which is the “Internet-of-Things”. The internet of things paradigm is a wireless connection based system that facilitates the building of smart systems like smart homes and now a smart street light.
The current streetlights are now beginning to get outdated as we move towards a greener society. Theses streetlights are usually manual in nature and have to be turned on manually.
The smart streetlight however, is a solution to all that. It is based on machine learning that works with a sensor to trigger the turning on of the lights. This is implemented by the use of tools most notably Arduino and MPLAB. The programming language used with the MPLAB IDE is the C programming language because of it s powerful nature in handling complex algorithms.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The study has its major roots in the Internet-of-Things paradigm as referenced in the topic.
The Internet-of-things(IoT) is a relatively new technology that is based on artificial intelligence and more specifically, machine learning. The IoT paradigm has been used in a number of projects like smart homes, smart offices, smart hospitals..etc.
In this case, we want to bring this technology to the street with an automatic street lighting system.
The street lights will function as an unmanned device which means there is no need for any human intervention to turn these lights on thereby reducing human effort and increasing effectiveness.
The street lights are designed using the best of machine learning algorithms which would detect the times the lights need to be turned on coupled with certain internet based tools that can also trigger them coming on at certain times of the day.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Security especially at the nighttime is highly important and as such the need of a bright lighting system in form of a row of street lights. We want to leverage on the Internet-of-Things paradigm to solve this issue especially in the developing countries.
1.3 MOTIVATION OF THE STUDY
A general motivating factor is the issue of security at night for pedestrians and even motorists. The relative ease of the use after its implementation is another motivating factor.
1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.4.1 AIMS OF THE STUDY
The aim(s) of the study include:
- Developing a smart street light system using IOT
1.4.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study include:
- Examining in broad detail, the overview of the IoT paradigm
- Looking through research papers of previous works done in many other areas although with the use of the IoT paradigm.
1.5 OUTLINE OF METHODOLOGY
The implementation of this idea and project was done with the use of UART(Ardino) and the MPLAB IDE. The programming language used here is the C programming language.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study covers a single street light at the moment. It is a prototype which can be scaled up to use for major streets across the nation. It is on a small scale because of the level of work and time involved in making a large scale streetlight automation system.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study bears significance such that the IoT is a scalable system and a very easily programmable devices to create masterpieces which in this case is the smart street light system.
1.8 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
- INTERNET-OF-THINGS: This generally and broadly refers to a physical network of connected devices containing embedded software and technology over which the said devices can communicate and interact even with humans.
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: Artificial Intelligence, AI for short, refers to intelligence possessed by machines as opposed to the natural intelligence possessed by humans. Artificial Intelligence enables machines to perform cognitive functions only associated with humans.
- MACHINE LEARNING: This is a subset/application of Artificial Intelligence. It studies and implements algorithms that can improve automatically through experience. An ideal smart home should be able to improve based on the users’ constant usage of the system.
- IOT ECOSYSTEM: This is a broad network of connected and interdependent devices and technologies that are applied by specialists towards a specific goal.
- SMART STREET LIGHT: A smart streetlight is a public lighting fixture that incorporates technology, such as cameras, light-sensing photocells and other sensors, to introduce real-time monitoring functionalities.
1.9 ORGANISATION OF THE PROJECT
Chapter One gives a brief overview of the components of the project design, it talks about the problem we are about to solve, the motivations and the objectives. Chapter Two examines related research work in the area of the IoT paradigm specifically. We study the advantages as well as the drawbacks of building such a system. We would then see in Chapter Three, the system architecture and modules in details. The implementation is then seen in Chapter Four showing the various tools used in the implementation. It also presents the result of testing carried out. Chapter Five then rounds off the project work with the summary, conclusions and recommendations for future research.
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