Level of acceptability of use of condom and abstinence methods of family planning by men
Abstract
This study was on Level of acceptability of use of condom and abstinence methods of family planning by men. The total population for the study is 200 residents in Ibadan. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made civil servants, business men, elderly men and youthd were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies.
Chapter one
Introduction
- Background of the study
For decades a preponderance of family planning intervention programmes and activities as well as resources for fertility regulation, have been targeted to women, while the active participation of men in family planning was not promoted. In the African context men are posited as decision-makers and are perceived to be “gatekeepers” and custodians of cultural and traditional practices. Despite these perceived men’s roles in families, family planning programs have made little effort to include men. This may have contributed to Africa, becoming the continent with the fastest population growth (Ityai 2000). In recent years however, the urge to involve men in reproductive health and family planning has received a sharper focus.
Women, men, or couples can choose from many contraceptive methods to help them plan their family and prevent an unplanned pregnancy. They need to know that if they are having sex regularly and do not use a contraceptive method, about 8 of every 10 women will become pregnant during the next 12 months. Different people want different things from a contraceptive method. Some want a method that guarantees there is no chance of pregnancy. Some want a quick return to fertility so they can get pregnant soon after stopping a contraceptive method. Some do not want to think about contraceptives every time they have sex. Some do not want to depend on their partner for the success of the method. Some women do not want to remember to take a daily pill, while others find that is easy.
Abstinence and condom use are two of the three elements promoted by major preventive programmes that emphasise the ABC (abstain, be faithful, and use condoms) approach. The relative importance of abstinence and condom use for HIV control has been controversial. Condoms are one of the most popular non hormonal methods of contraception, for they are easily obtained and relatively easy to use. Condoms also are the only method, aside from abstinence, that can provide some protection against STI. (They are one of few contraceptives a man can use to help prevent unintended pregnancies). Disadvantages may include (for some) an allergy to or irritation from the latex or spermicide used in the condom. If condoms are irritating, be sure to use types that are not spermicidally-lubricated. Use water-based lube instead. Other disadvantages include decreased sensation, and the need to interrupt sexual activity to put on a condom (health.cornell.edu). Complete abstinence from penile-vaginal sexual contact is, of course, the only 100% effective method of preventing pregnancy. Some couples choose abstinence due to religious or cultural considerations, some due to medical conditions, and some because it is truly the most effective way to prevent pregnancy and reduce exposure to sexually-transmitted infections. If you choose abstinence, remember that any contact with semen on or near a woman’s external genitals (e.g., labia, vulva) or inner thighs can potentially result in pregnancy. Be sure to keep any ejaculate or pre-ejaculate away from these areas ( https://health.cornell.edu). In the USA the issue is further complicated by moral arguments surrounding the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), which emphasises abstinence. We do not seek to engage with this debate; rather, we examine modification of behaviour in view of the threat of AIDS and the inseparable risk of unwanted pregnancies
Few NGO have supported few male studies with regard to family planning. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of men towards family planning and the extent they feel any responsibility in family formation and reproductive health. The importance of this study, therefore, is that it will provide updated baseline information, which will enable improvement and better functioning of family planning programmes, as well as involving men in family planning and STD prevention
Statement of the study
The Ministry of Health has stressed that (Edmund, 1993) the problems faced by the family planning program include lack of male involvement and community mobilisation and lack of communication skills among providers. Others are weak or poor directed programme support to Information, Education and Communication and weak monitoring of program activities. Based on this the researcher wants to investigate the level of acceptability of use of condom and abstinence methods of family planning by men.
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are
- To ascertain why men should be involving in family planning
- To analyze the relationship between contraceptive use and marital status.
- To ascertain the best contraceptive to use by men between condom and abstinence
Research hypotheses
HO: men should not be involving in family planning
HI: men should be involving in family planning
Hypothesis Two
HO: condom is the best contraceptive to use by men
HI: abstinence is the best contraceptive to use by men
Significance of the study
the study will be very significant to students and families. The study will give a clear insight on the Level of acceptability of use of condom and abstinence methods of family planning by men. The study will also give opinion on the best contraceptive to be used by men in their family planning. The study will also serve as a reference to other researcher that will embark on the related topic
Scope and limitation of the study
The scope of the study covers Level of acceptability of use of condom and abstinence methods of family planning by men. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;
- a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
- b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Condom: Condoms are the best way to protect yourself against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancy. Condoms are a barrier contraceptive made from latex rubber, a synthetic rubber called polyisoprene, or a very thin plastic called polyurethane.
Abstinence: Abstinence is a self-enforced restraint from indulging in bodily activities that are widely experienced as giving pleasure. Most frequently, the term refers to sexual abstinence, or abstinence from alcohol, drugs, or food.
Family planning: Family planning services are defined as “educational, comprehensive medical or social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved”
Contraceptive: Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile days. The couple prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during the 1st and last estimated fertile days, by abstaining or using a condom.
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